Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress as a Component of Demyelination in Animal Models of Multiple Sclerosis
نویسندگان
چکیده
........................................................................................................................................................xviii Chapter 1: General Introduction.............................................................................1 1.1 Multiple Sclerosis..................................................................................................................................2 1.1.1 Epidemiological Distribution and of MS..................................................................2 1.1.2 Genetic Susceptibility in MS..........................................................................................6 1.1.3 Diagnosis and monitoring of MS...................................................................6 1.1.4 MS Clinical Classification...............................................................................7 1.1.5 MS Symptoms.................................................................................................8 1.1.6 Treatments of MS............................................................................................................9 1.2 The Myelin Sheath................................................................................................................................13 1.2.1 Myelin Components........................................................................................................14 1.3 Pathological features of MS..............................................................................................................16 1.4 The Inflammatory Response in MS...............................................................................................20 1.5 The Adaptive Immune Response in MS......................................................................................25 1.5.1 T cells in MS.......................................................................................................................26 1.5.2 B cells in MS.......................................................................................................................28 1.6 Experimental Models of MS.............................................................................................................29 1.6.1 Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE)....................................30 1.6.2 EAE induction...................................................................................................................30 1.6.2.1 Species, Strain Susceptibility and Clinical Signs...........................30 1.6.2.2 Route of administration..........................................................................33 1.6.2.3 Encephalitogens.........................................................................................33 1.6.3 EAE disease pattern: acute and chronic................................................................34 1.6.4 EAE pathology...................................................................................................................35 1.6.5 The immune response in EAE..........................................................................36 1.6.5.1 Microglia and Macrophages............................................................36 1.6.5.2 T cells in EAE.........................................................................................37 1.6.5.3 B cells in EAE........................................................................................38
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